{"id":1761,"date":"2018-01-16T17:28:31","date_gmt":"2018-01-16T22:28:31","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/phytochemia.com\/?p=1761"},"modified":"2018-01-16T17:28:31","modified_gmt":"2018-01-16T22:28:31","slug":"oil-profiles-cardamom","status":"publish","type":"articles-de-blogue","link":"https:\/\/phytochemia.com\/en\/articles-de-blogue\/oil-profiles-cardamom\/","title":{"rendered":"Oil profiles: Cardamom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Sarah-Eve Tremblay, M. Sc. A., chimiste<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Cardamom (<em>Elettaria cardamomum<\/em>) is part of the Zingiberaceae family, just like ginger, curcuma and plai. It is a perennial shrub that can reach a height of 2,5 meters with thick lateral roots on which the seeds grow. The cardamom seeds are harvested from a pod, from which they are removed prior to be powdered.\u00a0These\u00a0are mainly used as a spice for cooking to enhance the taste of curries, coffees, cakes and meats. Essential oil of cardamom\u00a0is used as flavoring in a variety of foods, drinks, sweets and sauces.\u00a0Cardamom is mainly grown in southern India, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Guatemala and Morocco [1].<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1782\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1782\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1782 size-medium\" src=\"\/\/phytochemia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/E_cardamomum-profile-750x249.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"249\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1782\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong> Typical profile for a cardamom essential oil on a DB-5 column. Refer to text for compounds.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Essential oil of cardamom is mostly composed of monoterpenes.\u00a0One of the main compounds is 1,8-cineole (<strong>E<\/strong>) at more than 20%. \u03b1-Pinene (<strong>A<\/strong>) (0,5% \u00a0to 2,5%), sabinene (<strong>B<\/strong>) (1% to 5,5 %), myrcene (<strong>C<\/strong>) (up to 3%) and limonene (<strong>D<\/strong>) (1,4% to 7%) are also part of the monoterpenes present in\u00a0cardamom essential oil.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1776\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1776\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1776\" src=\"\/\/phytochemia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/blog-cardamome-structure-2-750x668.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"445\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1776\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2.<\/strong> Some molecules found in cardamom essential oil. <strong>E:<\/strong> 1,8-Cineole <strong>G:<\/strong>\u00a0Terpinen-4-ol <strong>H:<\/strong> \u03b1-Terpineol <strong>I:<\/strong>\u00a0Linalyl acetate <strong>J:<\/strong> \u03b1-Terpinyl acetate <strong>K:<\/strong> (<em>E<\/em>)-Nerolidol <strong>L:<\/strong>\u00a0Coronarin E<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Some monoterpenic alcohols like linalool (<strong>F<\/strong>) between 1% and 7%,\u00a0terpinen-4-ol (<strong>G<\/strong>) between 0,2% and 3%, and \u03b1-terpineol (<strong>H<\/strong>)\u00a0up to 8% are\u00a0also present, as well as monoterpenic esters like linalyl acetate (<strong>I<\/strong>) between 1% and 9% and \u03b1-terpinyl acetate (<strong>J<\/strong>) between 30% and 50%. The essential oil of cardamom is one of the\u00a0richest in \u03b1-terpinyl acetate, which makes it unique. One of the characteristic sesquiterpenes of cardamom is a sesquiterpenic alcohol, (<em>E<\/em>)-nerolidol (<strong>K<\/strong>), which varies from 0,3% to 2%. In certain cases, the presence of coronarin E (<strong>L<\/strong>), a diterpene, has also been noticed during routine analyses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] Singh, G., Kiran, S., Marimuthu, P., Isidorov, V., Vinogorova, V. (2008) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and various oleoresins of <em>Elettaria cardamomum<\/em> (seeds and pods), J. Sci. Food Agric. <strong>88<\/strong>: 280-289.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","categories-darticle":[31],"class_list":["post-1761","articles-de-blogue","type-articles-de-blogue","status-publish","hentry","categories-darticle-popularization"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Oil profiles: Cardamom - PhytoChemia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/phytochemia.com\/en\/articles-de-blogue\/oil-profiles-cardamom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oil profiles: Cardamom - PhytoChemia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sarah-Eve Tremblay, M. Sc. A., chimiste Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is part of the Zingiberaceae family, just like ginger, curcuma and plai. It is a perennial shrub that can reach a height of 2,5 meters with thick lateral roots on which the seeds grow. 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Sc. A., chimiste Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is part of the Zingiberaceae family, just like ginger, curcuma and plai. It is a perennial shrub that can reach a height of 2,5 meters with thick lateral roots on which the seeds grow. 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